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Queen Marking Color Chart by Year

Look up the international queen bee marking color for any year. Track queen age with the 5-color rotation system.

The international queen marking color system uses a 5-color rotation to help beekeepers track queen age at a glance. A small dot of colored paint on the queen's thorax instantly tells you what year she was raised. No record-keeping required. This tool lets you look up the correct color for any year and calculate how old your existing queens are.

Look Up Color

What year was (or will be) the queen raised?

Queen Age Calculator (Optional)

Optional - helps you remember which queen

Leave blank if you just want the color lookup

2026 Queen Marking Color

White

Years ending in 1 or 6

Color Reference

The Color Cycle

"Will You Raise Good Bees?"

This is a mnemonic. The first letter of each word matches the color: Will = White, You = Yellow, and so on.

White

Will

1/6

Yellow

You

2/7

Red

Raise

3/8

Green

Good

4/9

Blue

Bees?

5/0

White: Years ending in 1 or 6

Yellow: Years ending in 2 or 7

Red: Years ending in 3 or 8

Green: Years ending in 4 or 9

Blue: Years ending in 5 or 0

Assumptions & Notes

  • The international color code helps beekeepers track queen age at a glance.
  • The 5-year cycle repeats, so colors recur every 5 years.
  • Mark queens on the thorax with a small dot of paint or a numbered disc.
  • Most queens are productive for 2-3 years, though some last longer.
  • Marking also helps confirm your queen hasn't been superseded.

International Queen Marking Color Code

The color system follows a simple 5-year cycle based on the last digit of the year.

White

Ends in 1 or 6

2021, 2026

Yellow

Ends in 2 or 7

2022, 2027

Red

Ends in 3 or 8

2023, 2028

Green

Ends in 4 or 9

2024, 2029

Blue

Ends in 5 or 0

2025, 2030

Remember: "Will You Raise Good Bees?"

The first letter of each word matches the color order: White, Yellow, Red, Green, Blue.

Using the Queen Color Tool

Enter any year to see the corresponding marking color, or use the queen age calculator:

1

Look up any year

See the marking color for past, present, or future queens

2

Track queen age

Enter install year to see how many seasons she's been laying

3

Get recommendations

See productivity guidance based on queen age

Why Mark Your Queens?

Easier to find

A bright dot makes the queen stand out on a crowded frame

Age tracking

Tell at a glance whether a queen is young or due for replacement

Supersedure detection

An unmarked queen means the original was replaced

Record verification

Confirm you're looking at the queen you think you are

How to Mark a Queen

1

Find the queen and gently catch her with a queen catcher, marking tube, or your fingers

2

Apply a small dot of paint to the center of her thorax (between head and abdomen)

3

Let the paint dry for 30-60 seconds before releasing her back to the hive

Tools: Queen marking pens (Posca, Uni-Paint), purpose-made paint, or press-on numbered discs. Keep the dot small and avoid getting paint on her head, wings, or abdomen.

Queen Productivity by Age

Year 1 Ramping up

Young queen building laying rate. Solid brood patterns.

Year 2 Peak production

Laying rate highest. Brood patterns should be excellent.

Year 3 Still productive

Most queens still good. Watch for signs of decline.

Year 4+ Consider replacement

Laying rate often decreases. Spotty brood more common.

Some queens remain excellent for 4-5 years, while others decline in year 2. Use brood pattern and temperament, not just age, to decide when to replace.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to mark my queens?

No, marking is optional but highly recommended. A marked queen is much easier to find during inspections, and the color tells you her age at a glance. Marking also confirms whether your original queen is still present or has been superseded by a new, unmarked queen.

What paint or marker should I use?

Use queen marking pens (Posca, Uni-Paint), queen marking paint with applicator sticks, or press-on numbered discs. Water-based paint pens are popular and dry quickly. Avoid nail polish or regular markers as they may contain chemicals harmful to bees. Whatever you use, apply a small dot only on the thorax.

What year color is 2025? What about 2026?

2025 queens are marked BLUE (years ending in 5 or 0). 2026 queens are marked WHITE (years ending in 1 or 6). Use the color lookup tool above to find any year.

Why does the color cycle repeat every 5 years?

The 5-year cycle matches the typical maximum lifespan of productive queens. Most queens are replaced within 2-3 years, so a 5-color rotation ensures you can always tell the difference between a current queen and an old one. If you see two different colors, you know one is at least 5 years newer.

How do I remember the color order?

Use the mnemonic: 'Will You Raise Good Bees?' The first letter of each word matches the color: White (1/6), Yellow (2/7), Red (3/8), Green (4/9), Blue (5/0). The last digit of the year tells you the color.