Varroa Mite Treatment Comparison
Compare EPA-registered Varroa mite treatments at a glance. Use the filters to narrow down options, then click any row for details. This is a US-focused educational guide. Always read the product label before treating.
| Product | Type | Supers OK? | |
|---|---|---|---|
Apiguard Pads / Gel | Thymol-Based Thymol | No | |
Api Life Var Pads / Gel | Thymol-Based Thymol | No | |
HopGuard 3 Strips | Botanical Botan. | Yes | |
Formic Pro Pads / Gel | Organic Acid Acid | Yes | |
MAQS (Mite Away Quick Strips) Pads / Gel | Organic Acid Acid | Yes | |
Oxalic Acid (Vaporization) Vaporization | Organic Acid Acid | Yes | |
Oxalic Acid (Dribble) Dribble | Organic Acid Acid | Yes | |
Varroxsan (OA Strips) Strips | Organic Acid Acid | Yes | |
Apivar Strips | Synthetic Miticide Synth | No | |
Amiflex– niche Strips | Synthetic Miticide Synth | No | |
Apistan– legacy Strips | Legacy Synthetic Legacy | No | |
CheckMite+– legacy Strips | Legacy Synthetic Legacy | No | |
MGB2X5G Strips– niche Strips | Biochemical Biochem | No | |
Organishield– niche Other | Biochemical Biochem | Varies | |
Vadescana (dsRNA)– niche Other | Biotech (dsRNA) dsRNA | Varies |
Monitor Before & After
Alcohol wash before treating to confirm mite levels, and 2–4 weeks after to verify effectiveness.
Track mite counts →Follow the Label
This tool does not replace product labels. Always read label directions for PPE, safety, and application details. Contact your State Apiary Inspector for local guidance.
Quick Tips for Choosing a Treatment
Temperature matters
Essential oils and formic acid have narrow ranges. Synthetics are flexible.
Brood presence
Formic acid is the main option labeled to reach mites in capped brood. Oxalic acid works best during broodless periods.
Rotate families
Alternate between acids, oils, and synthetics to prevent resistance.
Supers on?
Check the "Supers OK?" column. Formic acids often allow supers; most others don't.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the main types of Varroa mite treatments?
Varroa treatments fall into three main categories: organic acids (formic acid, oxalic acid), essential oils (thymol, hop beta acids), and synthetic miticides (amitraz). Each has different application methods, temperature requirements, and timing considerations. Always follow the product label.
What is the difference between organic and synthetic Varroa treatments?
Organic treatments (acids, essential oils) leave no synthetic residues but often have stricter temperature or timing requirements. Synthetic treatments like amitraz are easier to use but can build resistance over time and leave residues in wax. Most beekeepers rotate between treatment families to prevent resistance.
Which Varroa treatment works under capped brood?
Only formic acid treatments (Formic Pro, MAQS) can reach mites reproducing inside capped brood cells. All other treatments primarily affect phoretic mites on adult bees, which is why oxalic acid is most effective during broodless periods in winter.
Can I treat for Varroa mites with honey supers on?
Some treatments can be used with honey supers present. Formic acid products (Formic Pro, MAQS) and some oxalic acid strip products (such as Varroxsan) may be labeled for use during honey production in certain contexts. Most other treatments require removing supers first. Always check your specific product label.
When is the best time to treat for Varroa mites?
Most beekeepers treat in late summer or early fall after the honey harvest, and again in late fall or winter during the broodless period. The best timing depends on your local climate, mite levels, and the treatment you choose. Always monitor mite levels before treating to confirm treatment is needed.
How often should I rotate Varroa treatments?
Rotating between different treatment families (organic acids, essential oils, synthetic miticides) each year helps prevent mites from developing resistance. Avoid using the same active ingredient for multiple consecutive treatments. Many beekeepers alternate between an organic option in summer and a different family in winter.
What temperature is safe for Varroa treatments?
Temperature requirements vary by product. Essential oils and formic acid treatments typically work best between 50-85°F (10-30°C). Amitraz strips and oxalic acid work across wider temperature ranges. High temperatures can increase bee stress with some treatments. Always check the product label for specific limits.